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Huang Xiang is considered one of the greatest poets of 20th century China and a master calligrapher.〔Ald, Masha. January 10, 2010. Artist of the Week-Huang Xiang and William Rock. Retrieved September 24, 2011, from http://www.public-republic.net/artist-of-the-week-huang-xiang-and-william-rock.php/.〕 ==Biography== Huang Xiang was literally "born in fire" on December 26, 1941 in Guidong County of Hunan Province. A fire spreading through his neighborhood reached the very wall of the family compound the day of his birth in 1941. Newborn Huang Xiang and his mother, still connected by the umbilical cord had to be carried to a nearby temple for safety.〔 At a young age Huang Xiang began to write poetry on topics such as “politics, philosophy, the beauty of the rural provinces, spiritual life, and his beloved literary ancestors.”〔Hutton, Susan. Writing on the Wall. Retrieved August 31, 2011, from http://www.poetryfoundation.org/article/178260〕 File:Huang Xiang in Tarrragona Spain with Century Mountain portrait of Gandhi.jpg|Huang Xiang being interviewed in Tarragona, Spain with Century Mountain portrait of Gandhi. June 2010. There was great turmoil in China during the Cultural Revolution. The revolution was spearheaded by the dictatorial ruler Mao Zedong. Mao was the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and was disturbed with the recent trend of capitalism in China. Mao had ruled since 1949, creating unease throughout the country.〔Joseph, William A. "China's Cultural Revolution: A Brief Overview." New York: Oxford Press. 2. (2001): n. page. Print. http://www.wellesley.edu/Polisci/wj/China1972/brief-intro.html.〕 Huang Xiang's father Huang Xiangming was a General in the KMT (Kuomintang army). His father was executed by the Communists near Manchuria in 1951. The fact that Huang Xiang was the son of a KMT army officer and grandson of landowners constituted a hereditary curse in the eyes of the Communists, a severe taint of a sort that very few such class enemies were able to remove.〔 In grade school, Huang was denied access to extra-curricular activities and made to clean the toilets, while constantly being reminded, that he, like his father, was bad, an enemy of the people. Although an excellent student in grade school, he was not permitted to matriculate into middle school, due to his class origins. The denial of a public education left Huang Xiang severely hurt, for he strongly desired to continue his schooling. His quandary was soon alleviated when he discovered a concealed attic in his grandparent's home. It contained a treasure trove of college books that his father had put away years earlier. Although only ten, he began reading them with a will. These books included the classic works of Lao Tzu, Zhuangzi, Li Bai and Du Fu. There were also Chinese translations of major western authors, poets and statesman. Written works by Lincoln, George Washington, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Walt Whitman, Kant, Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Goethe, Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud and others.〔 Between 1959 and 1995 Huang Xiang was imprisoned six times, spending a total of twelve years in Chinese prisons and labor camps all due to his writing poetry, his advocacy for human rights and his fight for democracy.〔Hutton, Susan. Writing on the Wall. Retrieved August 31, 2011, from http://www.poetryfoundation.org/article/178260.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Huang Xiang」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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